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Eritrea

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Eritrea Debt Dashboard

Latest data: 2011 | Updated 8/24/2026

Debt Structure

External and domestic debt breakdown

No debt structure data available

Total Debt-to-GDP

260.4%

Target: Below 55% for frontier markets

Distress Zone260.4%
Debt Service / Revenue

4.0%

Target: Below 18% for fiscal comfort

Comfortable4.0%
GDP Growth

8.7%

Target: 6-7% annual growth needed for meaningful poverty reduction and job creation in Africa

GDP (USD)

$2.1B

What This Debt Structure Means

Eritrea's debt structure data is limited, but the available indicators suggest a need for closer monitoring of debt composition and creditor mix.

Policy Maker Guides

Educational

Click to expand each guide for detailed explanations of causes, consequences, and recommended solutions.

Overall Assessment: Elevated Risk

Some indicators are concerning. Proactive measures recommended.

Debt Sustainability Indicators

Click metrics for details

For Policy Makers: These six indicators together tell the story of whether a country can manage its debts. Green means healthy, yellow means watch closely, orange means take action, and red means crisis.

Total Debt / GDP
Distress Zone260.4%
External Debt / GDP
Manageable51.5%
Debt Service / Revenue
Comfortable4.0%
Inflation Rate
Manageable--
FX Reserves (months)
Distress Zone0.8 mo
GDP Growth
Comfortable8.7%

Key Insights & Recommended Actions

These insights are automatically generated based on the current data. Each insight includes context on why it matters and what can be done.

High Debt Alert

Eritrea's debt-to-GDP of 260.4% exceeds the 70% high-risk threshold. Historical analysis shows a 40% probability of debt restructuring within 5 years at these levels.

Import Cover Critical

Eritrea's foreign exchange reserves cover only 0.8 months of imports, well below the 3-month minimum threshold. This leaves the economy highly vulnerable to external payment shocks and currency crises.

High Distress Risk

Eritrea is rated at high risk of debt distress, indicating a significant probability of being unable to meet future debt obligations without corrective policy action or external support.

Understanding Debt Sustainability

A guide for policy makers

What "Debt Sustainability" Means

A country's debt is sustainable when the government can pay interest and eventually repay principal without cutting essential services, printing money, or seeking emergency bailouts. Think of it like a household: if your mortgage payment takes 60% of your salary, you can't afford food and school fees. The same applies to countries.

Eritrea's Assessment

Manageable

Debt levels require careful monitoring but are not yet critical. Focus on improving revenue and growth.

Concerns

  • •Debt-to-GDP above 70% signals high distress risk

Strengths

  • •Debt payments consume less than 18% of revenue - healthy
  • •Growth above 5% helps reduce debt ratios naturally

GDP Growth Analysis & Recommendations

What Eritrea needs for sustainable development

Current Growth

8.7%

Strong

Per-Capita Growth

6.2%

Citizens getting richer

Target for Debt Stability

6%+

On track

The Magic Number: 6-7% Growth

African countries need sustained growth of 6-7% per year to create enough jobs for young people entering the workforce (Africa's working-age population grows by 3% annually) and to reduce poverty meaningfully. At 3% growth, per-capita income is stagnant. At 7% growth, the economy doubles every 10 years.

Priority Actions

Electricity is Non-Negotiable

Every 1% increase in electricity access correlates with 0.5-1% GDP growth. Prioritize power generation and grid reliability.

Move Up the Value Chain

Exporting raw commodities leaves 80% of value overseas. Invest in processing and light manufacturing to capture more value domestically.

Invest in Human Capital

Each additional year of schooling increases individual earnings by 8-13%. Technical and vocational education has highest returns in Africa.

Agricultural Modernization

60% of Africans work in agriculture but it contributes only 15% of GDP. Extension services, irrigation, and market access can double productivity.

Debt Trends Over Time

No historical data available

Run Policy Simulations

Explore how debt restructuring, austerity, or monetary financing would affect Eritrea's economy and its people.